A Closer Look at Domain Names and How They Work
Most webmasters and Internet users know that a domain name is simply the primary web address of a website. However, most people don’t bother to spend a couple of minutes to consider how domain names actually work. If you are an aspiring webmaster, developer, or are simply planning on managing your own network of e-commerce websites, then it is recommended that you have robust understanding of the domain name system (DNS), in order to have a full grasp on your industry and how it works.
Understanding the Levels of a Domain Name
A domain name is comprised of three different levels, each one serving to represent a different aspect of the domain. The first level, commonly known as the domain extension, is the TLD (top level domain). The TLD is basically the part of the domain name that occurs directly after the primary domain name. For example, in the domain name “www.examplewebsite.com”, the TLD would be .com. Popular TLD’s include .com,.org,.net,.info,.biz and .tv. However, most people don’t realize that there are nearly 200 different types of TLD’s available for registration, with the majority of these TLD’s being ccTLD’s (country code top level domains). An example of a country code top level domain would be .com.au (intended to be used for commercial Australian domains). A complete listing of every TLD currently offered for registration can be researched on the website of the Internet assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).
Websites and IP Addresses
In basic terms, a domain name is simply a linguistic representation of an IP address. Every device that connects to the Internet is assigned an IP address, whether it be a cell phone, laptop, or a web server (which hosts your website). An IP address is simply a number that is separated by dots, which usually appears similar to the following –165.124.28.88. Every website also has its own IP address. It is even possible to access a website by typing in its IP address in the address bar of your web browser. However, it is much more difficult to remember a string of segmented numbers than it is to remember a simple name. Thus, the domain name system was invented, and is explained briefly below.
The Domain Name System and How Domain Names Are Registered
When you register a domain name, you are actually leasing it for a limited period of time (most registration lengths range from 1 to 10 years, depending on the registrar). A domain registrar is a company that is accredited by the appropriate governing authorities to distribute and register domain names within the domain name system. Many web hosting providers are also domain name registrars, and will even provide free domain registration services and/or a domain name for life when you purchase one of their hosting plans. The domain name system is actually the largest digital database on the planet, containing the registration and administrative details of hundreds of millions of domains at any given time.
